Uremic Solutes Database HOME   SOLUTE LIST   SOLUTE DETAILS   STATISTICS   LOGIN   REGISTER Solute Details for β-2-Microglobulin Switch to solute: 1-Methyladenosine 1-Methylguanosine 1-Methylinosine 2-Heptenal 2-Hexenal 2-Nonenal 2-Octenal 3-Carboxy-4-Methyl-5-Propyl-2-Furanpropanoic Acid (CMPF) 3-Deoxyglucosone 4-Decenal 4-HO-Decenal 4-HO-Hexenal 4-HO-Nonenal 4-HO-Octenal 4-Pyridone-3-carboxamide-1-β-D-ribonucleoside 8-Hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine Adiponectin Adrenomedullin Angiogenin Arab(in)itol Argininic Acid Asymetric Dimethylarginine (ADMA) Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP) Basic fibroblast growth factor (BFGF) Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) Cholecystokinin Clara cell protein (CC16) Complement Factor D Creatine Creatinine Cystatin C Cytidine Decanal Degranulation Inhibiting Protein I Delta-sleep Inducing Peptide Dihydroxyphenylalanine (PB-DOPA) Dimethylamine Dimethylglycine Endothelin Erythritol Ethylamine Fructoselysine Glyoxal Guanidine Guanidinosuccinic acid Guanylin Heptanal Hexanal Hippuric acid (total) Homocysteine Hyaluronic acid (Hyaluronan) Hypoxanthine Indican Indole-3-acetic acid (free) Indole-3-acetic acid (total) Indoxyl sulfate (free) Indoxyl sulfate (total) Indoxyl-β-D-glucoronide Inosine Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) Interleukin-10 Interleukin-18 Interleukin-1β Interleukin-6 Kinurenine Kynurenic Acid Leptin Malondialdehyde (MDA) Mannitol Melatonin Methionine-Enkephalin Methylglyoxal Methylguanidine Monomethylamine Motiline Myoinositol N(6)-Carboxymethyllysine (CML) N-methyl-2-pyridone-5-carboxamide N-methyl-4-pyridone-3-carboxamide N2,N2-Dimethylguanosine N4-Acetylcytidine N6-Methyladenosine N6-Threonylcarbamoyladenosine Neopterin Neuropeptide Y Nicotinamide Nonanal Orotic Acid Orotidine Osteocalcin Oxalate p-Cresylsulfate (free) p-Cresylsulfate (total) Parathyroid hormone Pentosidine Phenol Phenylacetic acid Phenylacetylglutamine Pseudouridine Putrescine Quinolinic Acid Resistin Retinol Binding Protein (RBP) S-Adenosylhomocysteine Sorbitol Substance P Symetric Dimethylarginine (SDMA) Taurocyamine Threitol Trimethylamine Trimethylamine-N-oxide Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF) Urea Uric Acid Uridine Uroguanylin Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) Vasopressin (ADH) Xanthine Xanthosine α-keto-δ-Guanidinovaleric Acid α-N-Acetylarginine α1-Acid glycoprotein β-2-Microglobulin β-Endorphin β-Guanidinopropionic Acid β-Lipotropin γ-guanidinobutyric Acid λ-Ig Light Chain Base data Name β-2-Microglobulin Molecular weight 11818 Group Peptide Class Middle molecule Added 16.09.2009 Reference Pubmed: 12675874 Submitted by Vanholder Reviewed by Abou Deif Normal concentrations (CN) Date Mean (+/-SD) (low Range - high Range) n Reference Submitted by Reviewed by Notes 05.07.2001 1.17 (+/-0.40) mg/L 26 Influence of dialysis modalities on s... Abou Deif Argiles 03.01.2007 (1.10-2.40) mg/L 24 [Middle molecules removal. Beyond bet... Abou Deif Argiles [16] 08.03.2011 1.90 (+/-0.60) mg/L 21 Levels of circulating endothelial pro... Abou Deif Argiles Grand mean 1.50 (+/-0.50) (1.10-2.40) mg/L 47 ANOVA F(1,45) = 24.87, p=0.00: Significant differences between group means. Dispersion L:1.10, M:1.50, H:2.40 : A - (Minimal scatter: High consistency.) Uremic concentrations (CU) Date Mean (+/-SD) (low Range - high Range) n Reference Submitted by Reviewed by Notes 27.10.1994 55.00 (+/-7.90) (?-100.00) mg/L 10 Determinants of the serum concentrati... Vanholder Abou Deif 05.07.2001 55.00 (+/-9.70) mg/L 10 Influence of dialysis modalities on s... Abou Deif Argiles 12.09.2005 28.80 (+/-7.80) mg/L 10 Clinical cross-over comparison of mid... Abou Deif Argiles 05.04.2006 39.20 (+/-18.70) mg/L 20 Pre-dilution on-line haemofiltration ... Abou Deif Argiles 03.01.2007 25.80 (+/-8.00) (13.00-41.00) mg/L 24 [Middle molecules removal. Beyond bet... Abou Deif Argiles 08.06.2007 42.70 (+/-4.80) mg/L 14 Altered motor nerve excitability in e... Abou Deif Argiles 05.04.2009 22.70 (+/-6.10) mg/L 10 New strategies in haemodiafiltration ... Abou Deif Argiles 04.09.2009 35.90 (+/-4.30) mg/L 12 Differences in solute removal by two ... Abou Deif Argiles 01.03.2010 32.50 (+/-7.20) mg/L 490 Serum beta2-microglobulin level is a ... Abou Deif Argiles 08.06.2010 19.20 (+/-5.30) mg/L 15 Optimization of mid-dilution haemodia... Abou Deif Argiles 09.06.2010 26.60 (+/-1.42) mg/L 14 Low-flux hemodialysis suppresses inte... Abou Deif Argiles 04.09.2010 31.10 (+/-3.10) mg/L 22 On-line hemodiafiltration in Southeas... Abou Deif Argiles 08.01.2011 33.50 (+/-11.80) mg/L 62 Long-term effects of high-efficiency ... Abou Deif Argiles 08.03.2011 35.70 (+/-8.70) mg/L 38 Levels of circulating endothelial pro... Abou Deif Argiles 06.04.2013 18.60 (+/-0.40) mg/L 18 The use of SDS-PAGE scanning of spent... Abou Deif Argiles Grand mean 32.62 (+/-8.00) (13.00-100.00) mg/L 769 ANOVA F(14,754) = 19.21, p=0.00: Significant differences between group means. Dispersion L:13.00, M:32.62, H:100.00 : B - (Medium scatter: Considerable degree of uncertainty.) Relative increase (CU/CN) 21.80 times higher than the average normal concentration. Pathological associations Date Category Reference Comment 29.03.2000 Osteoarticular Beta2-microglobulin and amyloidosis. Dialysis-associated amyloidosis is often composed of beta2-microglobulin fibrils. Beta2-M-amyloid deposition is probably at least in part related to elevated plasma beta2-M in chronic renal failure. 01.06.2000 Osteoarticular Switch from conventional to high-flux... Use of a high-flux membrane decreased the risk of morbidity and mortality. Larger molecule elimination was shown important for preventing beta 2m amyloidosis and for prolonging survival of dialysis patients. 01.03.2010 other Serum beta2-microglobulin level is a ... Serum ß-2-Microglobulin level is a significant predictor of mortality in haemodialysis patients, independent of haemodialysis duration, diabetes, malnutrition and chronic inflammation. 04.05.2010 Osteoarticular Beta2-microglobuline plasma level and... Plasmatic level of beta2-microglobuline is strongly connected with painful shoulder in dialyzed patients. Notes 16 Excluded from analysis of variance for missing arithmetic mean, standard deviation or sample count.