Uremic Solutes Database HOME   SOLUTE LIST   SOLUTE DETAILS   STATISTICS   LOGIN   REGISTER List of uremic solutes Legend Analysis of variance (ANOVA) of concentrations (see Analytical assessment) Blue ANOVA found no significant differences between measurements (p >= 0.05) Red ANOVA found significant differences between measurements (p < 0.05) Black ANOVA not possible Consistency of concentrations (see Analytical assessment) A Minimal scatter: Highly consistent results. B Intermediate scatter: Potential uncertainty of measurement. C Substantial scatter: Presumable uncertainty of measurement. D High scatter: Probable uncertainty of measurement. Name Class Normal Concentration (Average) Uremic Concentration (Average) Relative increase Pathological associations 1-Methyladenosine water-soluble 17.10 (+/-5.10) µg/L, [n=10] 104.00 (+/-56.20) µg/L, [n=17] 6.08 Oncologic [3] Hematologic [1] Cardiovascular [1] 1-Methylguanosine water-soluble 13.70 (+/-16.90) µg/L, [n=10] 41.60 (+/-23.80) µg/L, [n=17] 3.04 unknown [1] 1-Methylinosine water-soluble 13.50 (+/-3.90) µg/L, [n=10] 620.40 (+/-203.40) µg/L, [n=14] 45.96 2-Heptenal water-soluble 17.70 (+/-5.33) µg/L, [n=20] 54.66 (+/-33.49) µg/L, [n=17] 3.09 2-Hexenal water-soluble 22.05 (+/-6.56) µg/L, [n=20] 61.74 (+/-20.48) µg/L, [n=17] 2.80 2-Nonenal water-soluble 18.48 (+/-5.17) µg/L, [n=20] 101.78 (+/-58.38) µg/L, [n=17] 5.51 2-Octenal water-soluble 26.08 (+/-16.38) µg/L, [n=20] 32.51 (+/-21.16) µg/L, [n=17] 1.25 3-Carboxy-4-Methyl-5-Propyl-2-Furanpropanoic Acid (CMPF) protein-bound 4.60 (+/-1.80) (3.61-7.70) mg/L, [n=29], p=0.00, D:A 25.95 (+/-10.23) (3.70-94.00) mg/L, [n=63], p=0.00, D:C 5.64 3-Deoxyglucosone protein-bound 0.30 (+/-0.10) mg/L, [n=30] 1.70 (+/-1.00) mg/L, [n=27] 5.67 4-Decenal water-soluble 15.86 (+/-5.25) µg/L, [n=20] 53.90 (+/-26.80) µg/L, [n=20] 3.40 4-HO-Decenal water-soluble 10.25 (+/-7.12) µg/L, [n=20] 36.55 (+/-22.27) µg/L, [n=17] 3.57 4-HO-Hexenal water-soluble 25.08 (+/-9.87) µg/L, [n=20] 63.84 (+/-25.31) µg/L, [n=17] 2.55 4-HO-Nonenal water-soluble 16.38 (+/-8.99) µg/L, [n=20] 117.31 (+/-47.74) µg/L, [n=17] 7.16 4-HO-Octenal water-soluble 10.65 (+/-3.56) µg/L, [n=20] 27.83 (+/-13.79) µg/L, [n=17] 2.61 4-Pyridone-3-carboxamide-1-β-D-ribonucleoside water-soluble 3.54 (+/-1.63) µg/L, [n=9] 156.12 (+/-169.18) µg/L, [n=11] 44.10 8-Hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine water-soluble 0.64 (+/-0.23) (0.20-1.26) µg/L, [n=85] 0.82 (+/-0.25) µg/L, [n=47] 1.28 Adiponectin middle 8.70 (+/-4.80) mg/L, [n=22] 17.71 (+/-6.60) (15.00-22.20) mg/L, [n=378], p=0.05, D:A 2.04 Cardiovascular [3] Endocrinology [1] Oncologic [1] other [1] Adrenomedullin middle 13.20 (+/-4.60) ng/L, [n=17] 88.77 (+/-17.71) (41.80-225.00) ng/L, [n=39], p=0.00, D:B 6.73 Cardiovascular [4] Angiogenin protein-bound 308.00 (104.60-615.10) µg/L, [n=208] 803.00 (+/-74.00) µg/L, [n=12] 2.61 Arab(in)itol water-soluble 0.37 (+/-0.12) (0.16-0.63) mg/L, [n=33], D:B 8.75 (+/-5.89) (0.80-15.00) mg/L, [n=28], D:C 23.64 Argininic Acid water-soluble 16.59 (+/-5.60) (16.59-77.00) µg/L, [n=16], D:B 65.82 (+/-33.36) (40.25-197.80) µg/L, [n=31], D:B 3.97 Asymetric Dimethylarginine (ADMA) water-soluble 0.15 (+/-0.08) (0.07-0.28) mg/L, [n=62], p=0.00, D:B 0.38 (+/-0.27) (0.10-7.30) mg/L, [n=220], p=0.00, D:D 2.60 Cardiovascular [2] Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP) middle 27.88 (+/-10.09) (27.72-28.00) ng/L, [n=40], p=0.95, D:A 197.18 (+/-123.82) (187.88-202.00) ng/L, [n=41], p=0.80, D:A 7.07 Cardiovascular [1] Basic fibroblast growth factor (BFGF) middle 0.21 (+/-0.09) ng/L, [n=23] 1.35 (0.20-21.50) ng/L, [n=32] 6.43 Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) middle 185.66 (+/-11.37) ng/L, [n=20] 164.44 (+/-35.95) ng/L, [n=10] 0.89 Cholecystokinin middle 4.99 (+/-2.23) ng/L, [n=43] 26.06 (+/-22.91) (6.73-131.50) ng/L, [n=77], p=0.00, D:C 5.22 Nutrition [1] Clara cell protein (CC16) middle 0.01 (+/-0.01) mg/L, [n=117] 3.03 (+/-1.37) (2.80-12.50) mg/L, [n=26], p=0.50, D:B 218.04 Complement Factor D middle 1.90 (+/-0.50) mg/L, [n=5] 21.35 (+/-6.03) (11.40-27.70) mg/L, [n=37], p=0.00, D:A 11.23 Creatine water-soluble 9.70 (+/-3.30) mg/L, [n=24] 134.00 (+/-30.30) (?-235.80) mg/L, [n=29] 13.81 Creatinine water-soluble 9.68 (+/-0.24) (8.86-12.00) mg/L, [n=851], p=0.00, D:A 136.00 (+/-46.00) (?-240.00) mg/L, [n=19746] 14.04 Neurologic and CNS [1] Cystatin C middle 0.70 (+/-0.12) mg/L, [n=56] 11.13 (+/-4.48) (2.80-41.10) mg/L, [n=220], p=0.00, D:C 15.90 Cytidine water-soluble 468.00 µg/L, [n=1] 683.30 (+/-287.80) (?-1263.60) µg/L, [n=7] 1.46 Decanal water-soluble 17.16 (+/-4.95) µg/L, [n=20] 23.40 (+/-8.81) µg/L, [n=17] 1.36 Degranulation Inhibiting Protein I middle 321.70 (+/-59.70) µg/L, [n=23] 713.70 (+/-390.00) (?-1631.40) µg/L, [n=125] 2.22 Delta-sleep Inducing Peptide middle 0.90 (+/-0.29) µg/L, [n=12] 1.50 (+/-0.90) µg/L, [n=7] 1.67 Dihydroxyphenylalanine (PB-DOPA) protein-bound 6.60 (+/-0.73) mg/L, [n=21] 11.37 (+/-3.17) mg/L, [n=19] 1.72 Biochemical [1] Dimethylamine water-soluble 2.18 (+/-0.33) mg/L, [n=9] 10.32 (+/-1.55) mg/L, [n=7] 4.73 Nephrologic [1] Dimethylglycine water-soluble 381.10 µg/L, [n=33] 576.80 (?-1040.30) µg/L, [n=18] 1.51 Endothelin middle 20.80 (+/-3.80) ng/L, [n=23] 31.80 (+/-23.01) (3.00-63.00) ng/L, [n=25], p=0.00, D:C 1.53 Cardiovascular [1] Endocrinology [1] Erythritol water-soluble 0.45 (+/-0.14) (0.22-0.75) mg/L, [n=33], D:B 6.51 (+/-9.17) (2.00-37.00) mg/L, [n=28], D:D 14.47 Ethylamine water-soluble 25.80 (+/-5.80) µg/L, [n=10] 69.00 (+/-10.20) µg/L, [n=31] 2.67 Fructoselysine protein-bound 81.00 (+/-8.32) (68.68-102.56) mg/L, [n=19] 58.10 (+/-10.80) mg/L, [n=10] 0.72 Glyoxal protein-bound 19.04 (+/-12.04) µg/L, [n=18] 221.00 (+/-28.00) µg/L, [n=20] 11.61 Guanidine water-soluble 11.80 µg/L, [n=16] 126.40 (+/-52.60) (90.86-800.00) µg/L, [n=33], D:D 10.71 Immunologic [1] Neurologic and CNS [1] Cardiovascular [1] Guanidinosuccinic acid water-soluble 0.03 (+/-0.01) mg/L, [n=16] 2.99 (+/-1.72) (0.99-47.00) mg/L, [n=63], p=0.00, D:D 99.74 Neurologic and CNS [2] Guanylin middle 0.05 (+/-0.02) (0.05-0.05) µg/L, [n=62], p=0.69, D:A 10.73 (+/-4.99) (6.16-13.30) µg/L, [n=25], p=0.00, D:A 225.66 Heptanal water-soluble 51.07 (+/-11.17) µg/L, [n=20] 61.10 (+/-44.11) µg/L, [n=17] 1.20 Hexanal water-soluble 21.70 (+/-10.80) µg/L, [n=20] 51.70 (+/-33.00) µg/L, [n=17] 2.38 Hippuric acid (total) protein-bound 3.00 (+/-2.00) mg/L, [n=7] 109.43 (+/-64.66) (67.00-247.00) mg/L, [n=37], p=0.00, D:B 36.48 Homocysteine protein-bound 1.42 (+/-0.50) (1.26-1.88) mg/L, [n=99], p=0.11, D:A 6.11 (+/-4.70) (4.40-26.40) mg/L, [n=101], p=0.12, D:B 4.31 Cardiovascular [4] Hyaluronic acid (Hyaluronan) middle 124.00 µg/L, [n=86] 215.26 (+/-233.97) (17.00-1843.00) µg/L, [n=222], D:D 1.74 other [1] Nephrologic [1] Hypoxanthine water-soluble 1.48 (+/-0.50) (1.47-1.50) mg/L, [n=290], p=0.61, D:A 1.92 (+/-1.38) (0.92-2.67) mg/L, [n=103], p=0.10, D:A 1.29 Indican protein-bound 1.00 (+/-0.40) mg/L, [n=4] 27.30 (+/-13.30) mg/L, [n=31] 27.30 Indole-3-acetic acid (free) protein-bound 0.50 (+/-0.30) mg/L, [n=21] 1.26 (+/-0.83) (0.44-1.50) mg/L, [n=49], p=0.00, D:B 2.52 Indole-3-acetic acid (total) protein-bound 17.50 (+/-17.50) µg/L, [n=7] 1004.74 (+/-702.49) (875.00-9076.90) µg/L, [n=95], p=0.00, D:D 57.41 Indoxyl sulfate (free) protein-bound 0.53 (+/-0.29) mg/L, [n=15] 3.83 (+/-2.46) (2.09-4.49) mg/L, [n=213], p=0.00, D:A 7.19 Nephrologic [2] Indoxyl sulfate (total) protein-bound 0.54 (+/-4.00) (0.40-0.60) mg/L, [n=73], p=1.00, D:A 37.07 (+/-26.50) (0.23-53.58) mg/L, [n=344], p=0.01, D:C 68.34 Cardiovascular [2] Nephrologic [2] Indoxyl-β-D-glucoronide protein-bound 0.95 (+/-0.39) mg/L, [n=15] 2.93 (+/-2.94) mg/L, [n=10] 3.09 Inosine water-soluble 0.03 (+/-0.01) mg/L, [n=22] 1.90 (+/-0.40) mg/L, [n=12] 64.45 Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) protein-bound 181.00 (+/-49.20) µg/L, [n=17] 220.00 (+/-93.00) µg/L, [n=20] 1.22 Interleukin-10 protein-bound 7.10 (+/-1.50) (4.80-9.80) ng/L, [n=18] 10.60 (+/-6.00) ng/L, [n=71] 1.49 Interleukin-18 middle 142.13 (+/-48.10) (2.00-193.44) ng/L, [n=22], p=0.00, D:C 201.82 (+/-169.32) (13.00-508.47) ng/L, [n=58], p=0.00, D:C 1.42 Interleukin-1β middle 160.00 ng/L, [n=15] 235.59 (+/-92.39) (2.60-428.00) ng/L, [n=64], p=0.00, D:C 1.47 Interleukin-6 middle 13.30 (+/-3.10) ng/L, [n=28] 71.48 (+/-104.13) (3.60-102.80) ng/L, [n=330], p=0.00, D:C 5.37 Kinurenine protein-bound 391.00 µg/L, [n=7] 686.40 (+/-178.90) µg/L, [n=21] 1.76 Kynurenic Acid protein-bound 5.48 (+/-1.32) µg/L, [n=7] 151.01 (+/-76.36) µg/L, [n=9] 27.55 Leptin protein-bound 7.90 (+/-4.81) (0.60-54.40) µg/L, [n=133], p=0.08, D:D 20.30 (+/-20.69) (0.10-724.10) µg/L, [n=242], p=0.00, D:D 2.57 Nephrologic [2] Nutrition [2] Immunologic [1] Malondialdehyde (MDA) water-soluble 257.70 (+/-81.70) µg/L, [n=30] 274.39 (+/-133.67) (7.81-428.80) µg/L, [n=26], D:C 1.06 Mannitol water-soluble 0.41 (+/-0.45) (0.09-2.16) mg/L, [n=33], D:C 14.40 (+/-16.37) (0.80-26.00) mg/L, [n=28], D:C 35.12 Melatonin protein-bound 26.50 (+/-7.10) ng/L, [n=35] 175.80 (+/-130.20) ng/L, [n=13] 6.63 Methionine-Enkephalin middle 18.30 ng/L, [n=10] 32.20 (?-75.50) ng/L, [n=22] 1.76 Methylglyoxal protein-bound 47.00 (+/-12.00) µg/L, [n=15] 110.00 (+/-18.00) µg/L, [n=20] 2.34 Methylguanidine water-soluble 7.30 µg/L, [n=24] 266.30 (+/-227.54) (72.27-1820.00) µg/L, [n=25], D:D 36.48 Neurologic and CNS [1] Cardiovascular [1] Monomethylamine water-soluble 149.94 (+/-26.09) (30.90-320.00) µg/L, [n=17], p=0.00, D:C 195.76 (+/-50.85) (84.20-580.00) µg/L, [n=40], p=0.00, D:B 1.31 Neurologic and CNS [1] Nephrologic [1] Motiline middle 25.40 (+/-2.80) ng/L, [n=2] 425.56 (+/-241.12) (201.00-672.10) ng/L, [n=36], p=0.00, D:B 16.75 Oncologic [1] Myoinositol water-soluble 10.00 mg/L, [n=8] 62.70 (+/-42.92) (43.92-94.00) mg/L, [n=32], p=0.01, D:A 6.27 Neurologic and CNS [1] N(6)-Carboxymethyllysine (CML) protein-bound 1.10 (+/-0.30) mg/L, [n=24] 3.99 (+/-1.59) (1.84-18.50) mg/L, [n=128], p=0.00, D:C 3.62 N-methyl-2-pyridone-5-carboxamide water-soluble 0.13 (+/-0.03) mg/L, [n=19] 2.36 (+/-0.88) mg/L, [n=21] 18.70 N-methyl-4-pyridone-3-carboxamide water-soluble 39.52 (+/-13.68) µg/L, [n=19] 319.20 (+/-395.20) µg/L, [n=21] 8.08 N2,N2-Dimethylguanosine water-soluble 9.00 (+/-4.70) µg/L, [n=10] 236.40 (+/-89.70) µg/L, [n=14] 26.27 N4-Acetylcytidine water-soluble 57.00 (+/-17.10) µg/L, [n=10] 159.60 (+/-30.80) µg/L, [n=14] 2.80 N6-Methyladenosine water-soluble 18.50 (+/-8.40) µg/L, [n=10] 70.30 (+/-53.30) µg/L, [n=17] 3.80 N6-Threonylcarbamoyladenosine water-soluble 35.50 (+/-27.20) µg/L, [n=10] 378.00 (+/-151.20) µg/L, [n=17] 10.65 Neopterin water-soluble 1.38 (+/-0.47) µg/L, [n=10] 83.25 (+/-10.78) µg/L, [n=12] 60.33 Neuropeptide Y middle 10.18 (+/-1.73) ng/L, [n=15] 90.24 (+/-48.13) (64.08-862.94) ng/L, [n=306], p=0.00, D:D 8.86 Cardiovascular [1] Nicotinamide water-soluble 3.17 (+/-1.22) µg/L, [n=19] 35.38 (+/-29.28) µg/L, [n=21] 11.16 Nonanal water-soluble 37.35 (+/-23.29) µg/L, [n=20] 68.87 (+/-26.84) µg/L, [n=17] 1.84 Orotic Acid water-soluble 0.50 (+/-1.40) mg/L, [n=30] 6.70 (+/-16.00) mg/L, [n=22] 13.40 Orotidine water-soluble 1.20 (+/-1.60) mg/L, [n=30] 20.20 (+/-13.50) mg/L, [n=22] 16.83 Osteocalcin protein-bound 9.50 (1.00-18.00) µg/L, [n=100] 356.40 (+/-607.40) µg/L, [n=10] 37.52 Oxalate water-soluble 0.30 (+/-0.10) mg/L, [n=8] 2.41 (+/-0.97) (2.08-4.90) mg/L, [n=69], p=0.00, D:A 8.02 p-Cresylsulfate (free) protein-bound 0.08 (+/-0.09) mg/L, [n=1] 2.60 (+/-5.10) mg/L, [n=139] 32.50 Nephrologic [2] Cardiovascular [1] p-Cresylsulfate (total) protein-bound 1.87 (+/-2.31) (1.50-3.80) mg/L, [n=31], p=0.18, D:A 23.00 (+/-16.90) (18.90-37.70) mg/L, [n=216], p=0.00, D:A 12.27 Cardiovascular [1] Nephrologic [1] Parathyroid hormone middle 0.51 (+/-0.03) µg/L, [n=30] 0.31 (+/-0.26) (0.22-1.20) µg/L, [n=230], p=-0.00, D:B 0.60 Cardiovascular [1] Pentosidine protein-bound 51.60 (+/-18.80) µg/L, [n=19] 796.53 (+/-407.16) (579.50-2964.00) µg/L, [n=35], p=0.20, D:B 15.44 Phenol protein-bound 0.41 (+/-0.19) (0.19-0.60) mg/L, [n=22], p=0.00, D:B 2.64 (+/-2.27) (1.00-12.40) mg/L, [n=36], p=0.07, D:C 6.39 Phenylacetic acid protein-bound 1.40 mg/L, [n=1] 474.64 (+/-44.88) mg/L, [n=41] 339.03 Cardiovascular [1] Immunologic [1] Phenylacetylglutamine water-soluble 0.40 (+/-0.20) mg/L, [n=16] 52.25 (+/-29.85) (52.00-120.60) mg/L, [n=31], p=0.89, D:A 130.63 Pseudouridine water-soluble 0.55 (+/-4.10) (0.50-0.61) mg/L, [n=60], p=0.00, D:A 11.55 (+/-8.08) (8.60-86.60) mg/L, [n=53], p=0.30, D:D 20.80 Endocrinology [1] Putrescine protein-bound 10.13 (+/-5.14) (4.36-21.10) µg/L, [n=29], p=0.00, D:B 59.03 (+/-23.45) (8.01-77.40) µg/L, [n=34], p=0.00, D:C 5.83 Quinolinic Acid protein-bound 0.10 (+/-0.05) mg/L, [n=10] 1.50 (+/-0.90) mg/L, [n=54] 15.00 Resistin middle 17.30 (+/-1.00) µg/L, [n=19] 27.50 (+/-1.40) µg/L, [n=38] 1.59 Cardiovascular [1] Retinol Binding Protein (RBP) protein-bound 20.70 (+/-4.53) mg/L, [n=16] 194.06 (+/-72.80) (192.00-369.20) mg/L, [n=130], p=0.76, D:A 9.38 Immunologic [1] S-Adenosylhomocysteine water-soluble 7.26 (+/-2.14) (3.84-10.68) µg/L, [n=2], D:A 230.40 (+/-38.40) µg/L, [n=1] 31.74 Cardiovascular [1] Sorbitol water-soluble 0.16 (+/-0.11) (0.06-0.60) mg/L, [n=33], D:C 1.81 (+/-1.55) (0.10-3.10) mg/L, [n=22], D:C 11.31 Substance P middle 179.67 (+/-87.87) (45.40-246.80) ng/L, [n=72], p=0.00, D:B 2.70 (+/-0.13) ng/L, [n=11] 0.02 Symetric Dimethylarginine (SDMA) water-soluble 85.25 (+/-38.57) (74.74-129.28) µg/L, [n=100], p=0.00, D:A 623.24 (+/-324.56) (305.02-1232.20) µg/L, [n=107], p=0.00, D:B 7.31 Cardiovascular [1] Taurocyamine water-soluble 1.32 (+/-1.39) mg/L, [n=10] 5.36 (+/-2.24) mg/L, [n=15] 4.06 Threitol water-soluble 200.00 (+/-60.00) (100.00-370.00) µg/L, [n=33], D:B 1501.92 (+/-602.28) (300.00-5697.40) µg/L, [n=28], D:C 7.51 Trimethylamine water-soluble 24.66 (+/-7.31) µg/L, [n=10] 82.01 (+/-28.49) µg/L, [n=10] 3.33 Nephrologic [1] Trimethylamine-N-oxide water-soluble 2.83 (+/-1.53) mg/L, [n=10] 7.49 (+/-2.39) mg/L, [n=10] 2.64 Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF) middle 13.30 (+/-3.00) ng/L, [n=28] 206.35 (+/-176.03) (4.90-5600.00) ng/L, [n=337], p=0.00, D:D 15.51 Urea water-soluble 0.30 (+/-0.12) (0.30-0.40) g/L, [n=21], D:A 1.57 (+/-0.64) (1.30-4.60) g/L, [n=64], p=0.00, D:B 5.23 Cardiovascular [2] Uric Acid water-soluble 40.50 (+/-13.90) mg/L, [n=12] 50.60 (+/-15.60) (6.23-146.70) mg/L, [n=75], p=0.00, D:C 1.25 Uridine water-soluble 1.50 (+/-1.30) mg/L, [n=30] 9.80 (+/-11.40) mg/L, [n=22] 6.53 Uroguanylin middle 8.34 (+/-0.50) ng/L, [n=13] 354.57 (+/-46.59) (353.62-361.79) ng/L, [n=86], p=0.53, D:A 42.51 Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) protein-bound 359.00 (+/-168.00) ng/L, [n=21] 529.00 (+/-455.00) ng/L, [n=38] 1.47 Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) middle 34.58 (+/-2.33) ng/L, [n=16] 75.48 (+/-27.33) ng/L, [n=10] 2.18 Vasopressin (ADH) middle 5.32 (+/-4.00) ng/L, [n=37] 5.20 (+/-2.88) (1.70-10.80) ng/L, [n=26], p=0.00, D:B 0.98 Xanthine water-soluble 0.50 (+/-1.40) mg/L, [n=180] 1.27 (+/-0.71) (0.45-1.50) mg/L, [n=83], p=0.01, D:B 2.54 Cardiovascular [1] Xanthosine water-soluble 23.90 (+/-12.80) µg/L, [n=10] 96.60 (+/-62.90) µg/L, [n=11] 4.04 α-keto-δ-Guanidinovaleric Acid water-soluble 8.23 (+/-2.63) µg/L, [n=16] 39.79 (31.14-60.55) µg/L, [n=20] 4.83 α-N-Acetylarginine water-soluble 18.10 (+/-24.80) µg/L, [n=16] 328.30 (+/-142.60) (?-4580.00) µg/L, [n=13] 18.14 α1-Acid glycoprotein protein-bound 0.63 (+/-0.19) g/L, [n=28] 1.17 (+/-0.39) g/L, [n=29] 1.86 β-2-Microglobulin middle 1.50 (+/-0.50) (1.10-2.40) mg/L, [n=47], p=0.00, D:A 32.62 (+/-8.00) (13.00-100.00) mg/L, [n=769], p=0.00, D:B 21.80 Osteoarticular [3] other [1] β-Endorphin middle 173.30 ng/L, [n=10] 157.16 (+/-50.12) (22.90-492.00) ng/L, [n=37], p=0.00, D:C 0.91 β-Guanidinopropionic Acid water-soluble 3.30 µg/L, [n=24] 28.80 (+/-18.30) µg/L, [n=29] 8.73 β-Lipotropin water-soluble 2.92 (+/-0.31) (2.81-55.30) ng/L, [n=2], D:D 50.58 (+/-15.30) (25.68-125.30) ng/L, [n=8], p=0.00, D:B 17.29 γ-guanidinobutyric Acid water-soluble 3.60 µg/L, [n=24] 33.30 (+/-16.00) (?-1750.00) µg/L, [n=30] 9.25 λ-Ig Light Chain middle 31.00 (+/-11.20) mg/L, [n=15] 87.00 (+/-60.90) (?-328.00) mg/L, [n=104] 2.81